Cynthia L. Webner – The Heart in Detail

Outline

Understanding Electrical & Mechanical FunctionsUnderstanding Electrical & Mechanical Functions

• Conduction SystemConduction System
• WaveformsWaveforms
• The NEED TO KNOW ArrhythmiasThe NEED TO KNOW Arrhythmias
• Hemodynamic Function Hemodynamic Function
  • Cardiac OutputCardiac Output
  • PreloadPreload
  • AfterloadAfterload
  • ContractilityContractility
  • Heart RateHeart Rate
• Normal Heart Sounds Normal Heart Sounds
  • S1, S2S1, S2
• Abnormal Heart Sounds Abnormal Heart Sounds
  • Murmurs: Differentiating Systolic from DiastolicMurmurs: Differentiating Systolic from Diastolic
  • S3/S4 GallopsS3/S4 Gallops
• Compensatory Mechanisms Compensatory Mechanisms
  • Maintaining Cardiac Output & Blood PressureMaintaining Cardiac Output & Blood Pressure

Coronary Artery PerfusionCoronary Artery Perfusion

• In Relation to: Cardiac Musculature & Conduction SystemIn Relation to: Cardiac Musculature & Conduction System
• Lead PlacementLead Placement
• 5-Lead Monitoring5-Lead Monitoring
• 12-Lead, 15-Lead and Right-sided ECG12-Lead, 15-Lead and Right-sided ECG

Caring for Patients with Acute Coronary SyndromeCaring for Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

• Differentiating Between Ischemia, Injury & InfarctDifferentiating Between Ischemia, Injury & Infarct
• A Systematic Approach for Detection on the ECGA Systematic Approach for Detection on the ECG
• Pharmacological TherapiesPharmacological Therapies
• AHA Guidelines: When to Use & Why AHA Guidelines: When to Use & Why
  • Dual Anti-Platelet TherapyDual Anti-Platelet Therapy
  • Beta BlockersBeta Blockers
  • ACE InhibitorsACE Inhibitors
  • AnticoagulationAnticoagulation
  • StatinsStatins
  • Mechanism of ActionMechanism of Action

Heart Failure: Which Organs are Really Affected?Heart Failure: Which Organs are Really Affected?

• Neurohormonal Activation Neurohormonal Activation
  • Sympathetic Nervous SystemSympathetic Nervous System
  • Renin-Angiotensin SystemRenin-Angiotensin System
  • Aldosterone SystemAldosterone System
• Perfusion & Congestion AssessmentPerfusion & Congestion Assessment
• Differentiating Chronic from Acute HFDifferentiating Chronic from Acute HF
• The Importance of Unloading the HeartThe Importance of Unloading the Heart
• Non-Invasive Diagnostic EvaluationNon-Invasive Diagnostic Evaluation
• Evidence-Based TreatmentEvidence-Based Treatment
• What are the BUN & Creatinine Saying?What are the BUN & Creatinine Saying?

Valvular Heart Disease: Why the Left SideValvular Heart Disease: Why the Left Side

• Contrasting Stenotic Valvular Dysfunction from InsufficiencyContrasting Stenotic Valvular Dysfunction from Insufficiency
• Physical Assessment CluesPhysical Assessment Clues
• Signs & SymptomsSigns & Symptoms
• Associated MurmursAssociated Murmurs

Other Cardiac Disease PathologiesOther Cardiac Disease Pathologies

• Pericarditis Pericarditis
  • A Good Imposter of Myocardial InfarctionA Good Imposter of Myocardial Infarction
• Cardiomyopathies Cardiomyopathies
  • Contrasting Dilated from HypertrophicContrasting Dilated from Hypertrophic

Advanced Skills in Assessment & Decision-MakingAdvanced Skills in Assessment & Decision-Making

• Creating a Hemodynamic Profile without a PACCreating a Hemodynamic Profile without a PAC
• Assessing Volume StatusAssessing Volume Status
• Jugular Vein DistentionJugular Vein Distention
• Importance of Pulse PressureImportance of Pulse Pressure
• The Value of Heart SoundsThe Value of Heart Sounds