Angelica Dizon – Understanding Pathophysiology: Its Direct Impact on Patient Care

Outline

Endocrine and Metabolic ProblemsEndocrine and Metabolic Problems

• Pituitary disordersPituitary disorders
• HypoglycemiaHypoglycemia
• Free radicals — Essential in health, deadly in diseaseFree radicals — Essential in health, deadly in disease
• Diabetic ketoacidosisDiabetic ketoacidosis
• ApoptosisApoptosis
• Adrenal gland dysfunctionAdrenal gland dysfunction
• Addison’s diseaseAddison’s disease
• JaundiceJaundice
• Implications of hormonesImplications of hormones
• Thyroid disorders – Mechanism of onset affects treatmentThyroid disorders – Mechanism of onset affects treatment

Cardiovascular and Renal ProblemsCardiovascular and Renal Problems

• Starling’s Law – Normal capillary flowStarling’s Law – Normal capillary flow
• Heart failureHeart failure
• Relationship between cardiac diseases and hypertensionRelationship between cardiac diseases and hypertension
• Unraveling hypertensionUnraveling hypertension
• Current concept on cardiogenic shockCurrent concept on cardiogenic shock
• Atherosclerosis – The role of inflammationAtherosclerosis – The role of inflammation
• AnaphylaxisAnaphylaxis
• Acid-base disordersAcid-base disorders

Respiratory ProblemsRespiratory Problems

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbationsChronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations
• Obstructive lung diseases affecting the mechanics of lung ventilationObstructive lung diseases affecting the mechanics of lung ventilation
• Sudden death in asthmaSudden death in asthma
• Acute lung failure/ARDSAcute lung failure/ARDS
• Arterial blood gases – Made simpleArterial blood gases – Made simple

ShockShock

• Common mechanisms of all types of shockCommon mechanisms of all types of shock
• The cardinal role of mediators in shockThe cardinal role of mediators in shock
• Newer therapies based on current pathophysiological understandingNewer therapies based on current pathophysiological understanding
• End points of resuscitationEnd points of resuscitation
• What type of shock is this?What type of shock is this?

The Immune SystemThe Immune System

• Inflammation – Acute phase responseInflammation – Acute phase response
• Systemic inflammatory responseSystemic inflammatory response
• Infection – Part of a bigger pictureInfection – Part of a bigger picture
• Multiple organ dysfunction syndromeMultiple organ dysfunction syndrome
• Stress reactionStress reaction
• Autoimmune diseasesAutoimmune diseases